Behavior Modification

 

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Behavior Modification, Vol. 27, No. 1, 54-67 (2003)
DOI: 10.1177/0145445502238693

Socioeconomic Status Variables Predict Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Prospective Mortality Risk Among Women With Chest Pain

The WISE Study

Thomas Rutledge

Steven E. Reis

Marian Olson

Jane Owens

University of Pittsburgh

Sheryl F. Kelsey

Carl J. Pepine

University of Florida at Gainesville

Nathaniel Reichek

Allegheny General Hospital

William J. Rogers

University of Alabama at Birmingham

C. Noel Bairey-Merz

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center

George Sopko

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Carol E. Cornell

University of Alabama at Birmingham

Karen A. Matthews

University of Pittsburgh

This study examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors, and all-cause mortality in a cohort of women with chest pain. A total of 743 women (mean age = 59.6 years) with chest pain who were referred for coronary angiography completed a diagnostic protocol including CAD risk factor assessment, ischemic testing, psychosocial testing, and queries of SES. Patients were followed for about 2 years to track subsequent all-cause mortality. Results indicated that low SES was associated with CAD risk factors, including higher BMI and waist-hip ratios, cigarette smoking, lower reported activity levels, and a greater probability of hypertension. Low income also predicted all-cause mortality (RR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.4, 5.2), including after adjusting for proposed psychosocial and behavioral variables (RR = 5.9, 95% CI 1.2-29.7). Future research will require a thorough a priori focus on potential mechanisms to better understand SES effects on health.

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